Pantone, headquartered in New Jersey, is well known worldwide for its proprietary color system that is used everywhere in graphic and product design.
https://www.pantone.com
Simply put, they gave numbers and names to the proportions of basic color pigments. For example, the color of the orange subway line in New York City is assigned to PMS 165 (magenta and yellow in a 3⁄5 ratio).
http://web.mta.info/developers/resources/line_colors.htm
Among non-professionals, this company has become famous for choosing the color of the next year since 2000. For 2021, there are two at once: PANTONE 17-5104 Ultimate Gray + PANTONE 13-0647 Illuminating